Taylor & Francis Publishers

 Journal

 ): In Vitro Mutagenicity And Genotoxicity Of Raw And Simulated Leachates From Plastic Waste Dumpsite.

 Okunola A. Alabi, Adewale A. Sorungbe & Yetunde M. Adeoluwa

 2019

Increase in production of different types of plastics has led to increase in the amount of plastic waste generation worldwide. The chemical constituents of these plastic wastes have made their disposal an important economic and environmental health problem globally. This study assessed the mutagenic and genotoxic potential of plastic waste dumpsite raw and simulated leachates using the Ames Salmonella fluctuation test with Salmonella typhimurium strains TA98 and TA100, and the SOS chromotest with Escherichia coli PQ37. Physico-chemical parameters and organic constituents of the leachates were also analyzed. The result of the Ames test showed that the leachates are mutagenic even at low concentration. Also, the TA100 strain was the more responsive strain in terms of mutagenic index in the absence of metabolic activation. The SOS chromotest results complimented the Ames Salmonella fluctuation test results. Nevertheless, the E. coli PQ37 system was slightly more sensitive than the Salmonella assay for detecting mutagens and genotoxins in the tested leachates. Generally, simulated leachate showed a higher mutagenicity and genotoxicity than the raw leachate. Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni, Cu, As, PBDEs, PAHs, PCBs, and Bisphenol A contents analyzed in the leachates were believed to play significant role in the observed mutagenicity and genotoxicity in the microbial assays. These data showed that plastic waste constituents are capable of inducing DNA damage in exposed organisms and might induce similar damage in plants, animals and humans exposed to it, hence, great care should be taken to eliminate indiscriminate disposal of plastics in the environment. 

 Taylor & Francis Publishers

 Journal

 DNA Damage Induced By Wastewater From Cocoa Industry In Two Prokaryotic Systems.

 Okunola A. Alabi & Adewale A. Sorungbe

 2019

In this study, the potential genotoxic and mutagenic effects of cocoa industry wastewater was assessed using SOS Chromo and Ames fluctuation tests, respectively. The physico-chemical analyses of the wastewater were also carried out. The SOS Chromo and Ames fluctuation tests results showed that cocoa industry wastewater can induce different levels of DNA damage and mutagenic potential at the different concentrations used in this study. Salmonella typhimurium TA98 was more sensitive than TA100 strain, indicating frameshift mutation as a possible mechanism of DNA damage. High concentrations of Pb, Cd, Cr, Ni and Cu in the tested sample were possibly responsible for the observed mutagenicity and genotoxicity. 

 Journal Of Health And Pollution Of The World Health Organisation (WHO)

 Journal

 Genetic, Reproductive And Haematological Toxicity Induced In Mice Exposed To Simulated Leachates From Petrol, Diesel And Kerosene Dispensing Sites.

 Alabi, O. A., Esan, E. B. & Sorungbe, A. A.

 2017

With a population of over 165,000,000, growing at an average rate of 2.7% per annum and an economic growth rate of about 5.7% in the past five years, the market for refined petroleum products in Nigeria is growing. As a result, the number of filling stations is increasing. Objectives. The present study evaluated the reproductive and genetic toxicity of simulated leachate of soil from petrol, diesel and kerosene dispensing sites in a filling station using the murine sperm abnormality test, sperm count and bone marrow micronucleus assay. Methods. Simulated leachate of soil collected from petrol, diesel and kerosene dispensing sites in a filling station was intraperitoneally administered to mice at different concentrations. Bone marrow micronucleus assay was carried out after 5-days exposure, while sperm morphology assay was carried out 35 days from the first day of exposure. Alterations to hematological parameters were evaluated and physico-chemical analysis of the leachate samples was also carried out. 

 Sryahwa Publishers

 Journal

 Effect Of Ultraviolet Irradiation On Egg Hatching Of Tropical Warehouse Moth (Ephestia Cautella), Development Of Its Adult And Mortality

 Adewale Ayodeji Sorungbe, Hafiz Ayinde Badmus, Adebisi Musbau Sulaimon

 2016

 

Cocoa, Theobroma cacao (Linn.) is important as a foreign exchange product. Among the major pests of stored cocoa beans in Western Nigeria, especially in warehouses, is Ephestia cautella (Walker). The effects of ultra violet (254nm) irradiation on eggs hatching, adult emergence and mortality of the tropical warehouse moth E. cautella (Walker) on infested cocoa beans were studied. The eggs, larvae, and adults of the stored product pest Ephestia cautella (Walker) (Lepidoptera; Pyralidae) belonging to 1-3 days old age group were exposed to ultra violet radiation at 254nm wavelength (UV-C) for different duration to determine the irradiation effect on egg hatching, adult emergence from the irradiated larvae and adults mortality respectively.

An increase in time of exposure to UV radiation gradually decreased the percentage of eggs that hatched over time; the emergence of adults from irradiated larvae was also reduced as the time of exposure increased. The percentage adult mortality for the exposure periods used (10 and 15 minutes) in relation to control significantly increased as the exposure period increased. In conclusion, it has been found out from this research work that irradiation is a very safe and clean method for food preservation and pest control.

 

 Sryahwa Publishers

 Journal

 Effect Of Ultraviolet Radiation On Egg Hatching Of Tropical Warehouse Moth (Ephestia Cautella), Development Of Its Adult And Development.

 Sorungbe, A. A., Badmus, H. A., & Sulaimon, A. M.

 2016

Cocoa, Theobroma cacao (Linn.) is important as a foreign exchange product. Among the major pests of stored cocoa beans in Western Nigeria, especially in warehouses, is Ephestia cautella (Walker). The effects of ultra violet (254nm) irradiation on eggs hatching, adult emergence and mortality of the tropical warehouse moth E. cautella (Walker) on infested cocoa beans were studied. The eggs, larvae, and adults of the stored product pest Ephestia cautella (Walker) (Lepidoptera; Pyralidae) belonging to 1-3 days old age group were exposed to ultra violet radiation at 254nm wavelength (UV-C) for different duration to determine the irradiation effect on egg hatching, adult emergence from the irradiated larvae and adults mortality respectively. An increase in time of exposure to UV radiation gradually decreased the percentage of eggs that hatched over time; the emergence of adults from irradiated larvae was also reduced as the time of exposure increased. The percentage adult mortality for the exposure periods used (10 and 15 minutes) in relation to control significantly increased as the exposure period increased. In conclusion, it has been found out from this research work that irradiation is a very safe and clean method for food preservation and pest control. 

 Nature And Science

 Journal

 Prevalence Of Malaria Among Biological Science Students In Federal University Of Technology Akure, Nigeria.

 Afolabi, O. J., Simon-Oke, I. A., Sorungbe, A. A. & Alao, O. O.

 2015

The prevalence of malaria parasites among the students of Biological Sciences of the Federal University

of Technology Akure, Ondo State was studied from May to November, 2014. Two hundred and ninety-seven (297)

students whose ages range from 16-30 years were selected at random for this study. Thin and thick films were

prepared from the blood collected from the respondents using sterilized lancets; blood group test was also carried

out to determine the blood groups while heights and weights were collected using a structured questionnaire. The

results showed a total prevalence of 45.79% (n=136) among the study group. Significant difference in the

prevalence among age groups (p<0.05) was observed, where age group 16-20 years had the highest prevalence of

47.7% and the lowest prevalence of 21.1% was found in age group 26-30 years. Similarly, prevalence of malaria

infection was higher in male (55.9%) than the female (35.2%). Prevalence of malaria among the blood groups was

significantly different (P<0.05) with blood group A+ showing the highest prevalence of 92.9% and the blood group

0- showing the lowest prevalence of 17.6%. It was generally observed in the study that susceptibility to malaria

parasites increased with the presence of Rhesus factor in the blood and decreased when this factor is absent.

However, three species of Plasmodium: P. falciparum, P. malariae and P. vivax were identified to be the causative

agents of the disease among the study group but P. falciparium was the most prevalent parasite (57.3%). The results

of the study have revealed that malaria is still a major public health problem among the students therefore proper

environmental management such as well maintained drainage system within and around the university premises

should be maintained in order to reduce mosquito population and consequently reduce prevalence of malaria in the

study area.

 

 

 Comprehensive Research Journals

 Journal

 The Blackfly Species (Diptera: Simuliidae) On The Campus Of The Obafemi Awolowo University And Their Polytene Chromosomes.

 Sorungbe, A. A.

 2014

The polytene chromosomes of four blackfly species found on the campus of the Obafemi Awolowo

University along with some diagnostic features of the larval and pupal stages were studied using

standard techniques. The four species were Simulium alcocki Pomeroy, Simulium damnosum Theobald

sensu lacto and two unidentified species of Simulium herein referred to as US 1 (unidentified species 1)

and US 2 (unidentified species 2). The results were obtained using the salivary glands from penultimate

to final larval instars. Polytene chromosomes were observed in all species. There is no chromocentre,

and all the three chromosomes are discrete in the four species studied. Features such as puffs, short

sections of asynapsis and inversions could be identified. The salivary gland polytene chromosomes of

Simulium species 2 (US 2) were extremely fragile and hence proved difficult to handle. From the results

of this study, one can concluded that blackfly species may be conclusively identified using the larval

and pupal morphological characteristics as well as their polytene chromosome characteristics.

Keywords: Simulium alcocki, Simulium damnosum, sensu lacto, polytene, chromosomes.

INTRODUCTION

Blackflies are small stout bodied insects; body colour

varies widely as not all blackflies are black. They are

cosmopolitan in distribution (Crosskey, 1990).

Subdivision of the genus Simulium in the early days of

simuliid taxonomy was based on the following; structure

of the second hind tarsal segment, wing venation in the

imago, structure of the cocoon and the number of

respiratory filaments in the pupa (Crosskey, 1990). The

blackfly is the vector of the disease onchocerciasis

caused by the filarial nematode Onchocerca volvulus

Leuckart (Nematoda: Filarioidea), with about 17.8 million

people affected worldwide. Onchocerciasis is a very

debilitating disease with heavy infection resulting in

blindness and

 

 

 Parasitology And Public Health Society Of Nigeria

 Journal

 Cytotaxonomic Identification Of The Members Of The S. Damnosum Complex In Parts Of Ondo And Osun States.

 Olusi, T. A., Jayeoba, Y. F., And Sorungbe, A. A.

 2012

Cytogenetic studies were carried out on the larvae of the members of Simulium damnosum complex from eight sites located in different bio-ecological zones of Southwest Nigeria. The co-ordinates of the sites of blackflies collection were recorded using a global positioning system. the larvae were fixed in Carnoy's fixative, sorted and dissected under a dissecting microscope; and stained with orcein. Thereafter, chromosome slides were prepared. The banding patterns were were recorded based on the standard sequence for S. damnosum in West Africa. Species were identified based on inversions on chromosomes I, II and III. Homozygous and heterozygous inversions were found. Micromorphological characters such as band dimorphism and ectopic pairing were identified. Pupae were collected for subsequent emergence of flies. A total of 213 sibling species belonging to four cytospecies; S. damnosum s. s., S. sirbanum, S. soubrense, S. sanctipauli were identified. With the exception of S. damnosum s. s., which was more plastic in its distribution, the abundance and geographical distribution of the other species were confirmed with that which had been observed further in the Onchocerciasis Control Programme areas of West Africa. The findings of this investigation will contribute to the control of Onchocerciasis. 

 African Journal Of Biotechnology, Nairobi, Kenya

 Journal

 Karyotypic Studies Of Four Species Of The Blackfly, Simulium (Diptera: Simuliidae).

 SORUNGBE, A. A., And ADEGOKE, J. A.

 2011

Karyotypic studies were carried out on the mitotic chromosomes from the supraoesophageal ganglia of

four species of the blackfly, Simulium. The four species were Simulium alcocki Pomeroy, Simulium

damnosum Theobald sensu lacto and two yet unidentified species of Simulium herein referred to as US

1 (unidentified species 1) and US 2 (unidentified species 2). A diploid number (2n) of 6 was obtained for

all the species of blackfly studied. A modified method for preparing mitotic chromosomes from the

supraoesophageal ganglia was developed. This involved placing the fixed paired supraoesophageal

ganglia in 2.5% hydrochloric acid for 1 to 2 s and staining in FLP orcein for 10 to 15 min. Idiograms were

constructed for all the four species studied. Standard methods were adopted in the classification and

nomenclature used in describing the chromosomes of the four species of blackfly in the investigation.

No structural aberrations were observed in any of the species studied.

 

 

 Academic Journals

 Journal

 Karyotypic Studies Of Four Species Of The Blackfly, Simulium (Diptera: Simuliidae).

 SORUNGBE, A. A. & ADEGOKE, J. A.

 2011

Karyotypic studies were carried out on the mitotic chromosomes from the supraoesophageal ganglia of four species of the blackfly, Simulium. The four species were Simulium alcocki Pomeroy, Simulium damnosum Theobald sensu lacto and two yet unidentified species of Simulium herein referred to as US 1 (unidentified species 1) and US 2 (unidentified species 2). A diploid number (2n) of 6 was obtained for all the species of blackfly studied. A modified method for preparing mitotic chromosomes from the supraoesophageal ganglia was developed. This involved placing the fixed paired supraoesophageal ganglia in 2.5% hydrochloric acid for 1 to 2 s and staining in FLP orcein for 10 to 15 min. Idiograms were constructed for all the four species studied. Standard methods were adopted in the classification and nomenclature used in describing the chromosomes of the four species of blackfly in the investigation. No structural aberrations were observed in any of the species studied.